Heavy marine engines are not only powerful, but also extremely loud, issuing vibrations which spread through the entire hull. Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability (LBF) in
Marine engines are attached to the ship’s hull via bearings, either directly or on an engine mount, meaning their vibrations can easily spread through the entire hull of the ship. The only way to dampen these vibrations is by absorbing them directly at the bearing.
The solution devised by the researchers is to install an active damper between the engine and the bearing. This active bearing is made primarily from piezo-ceramics, materials that can change their shape when electrically stimulated.
If they are stimulated very quickly, they generate high-frequency vibrations – which are exactly what marine engines need. Using sophisticated sensors, the scientists measure the engine’s vibrations and trigger the piezo-ceramics such that they precisely counteract this motion. Because the active bearings carry the weight of the engine directly, they are able to perform to maximum effect.
Conventional approaches involve dampers that either vibrate against the base of the engine from the side or are located in a hollow space inside the bearing. As today’s engines do not rest directly on these vibrating parts, the vibrations can only be offset indirectly. As a result, such systems require far more power to achieve a satisfactory damping effect.
Meanwhile, the researchers have tested their method on an engine larger than that of a truck in the institute’s laboratories in
‘Our partners’ ship-building expertise enabled us to specify the exact details of the ship, for example the rigidity and resonance of its metal,’ said LBF engineer and project manager Michael Matthias. In addition, the shipyard will provide a ship for test runs in the coming year.
‘Following the tests recently carried out in the laboratory, we are confident that the method will also work under real conditions,’ said Matthias. ‘The test scheduled to be carried out in the summer will show just how much better it is than conventional damping systems.’
