Bone simulator

Using an IBM Blue Gene/L supercomputer, scientists at ETH Zurich and the IBM Zurich Research Laboratory have demonstrated the most extensive simulation yet of real human bone structures.

The early detection of osteoporosis is crucial to prevent its progress. So a simulation that could provide doctors with a 'high-definition' view of the fragility, or strength, of bones would greatly enhance their ability to take preventative measures before the condition advances.

Literally “porous bone”, osteoporosis is characterised by loss of bone density, resulting in a high risk of fractures. Unfortunately, in many cases, osteoporosis is not diagnosed until a fracture has occurred. By then, however,  the disease is already in an advanced stage, requiring implants or surgical plates to treat or prevent further fractures.

Today, osteoporosis is diagnosed by measuring bone mass and density using x-ray or computer tomography techniques - a highly empirical process.

Studies have shown, however, that bone mass measurements are only a moderately accurate way to determine the strength of the bone. That's because bones are not solid structures: inside an outer shell, they have a sponge-like centre. This complex microstructure accounts for the bone’s capability to bear loads.