VO2 film acts as self-regulating layer for smart windows

(Credit: RMIT)

The VO₂ coating, which is just 50-150 nanometres thick, allows glass to regulate the amount of heat that passes through depending on the temperature. Below 67°C, VO₂ acts as an insulator. Above that temperature, the substance turns opaque to infra-red solar radiation while remaining transparent to the human eye. Thus, the sun’s heat is prevented from passing through the clear glass. The research is published in Scientific Reports.

According to Associate Professor Madhu Bhaskaran, lead investigator on the project, the breakthrough could help meet future energy needs and create temperature-responsive buildings.

“We are making it possible to manufacture smart windows that block heat during summer and retain heat inside when the weather cools,” she said. “Our technology will potentially cut the rising costs of air-conditioning and heating, as well as dramatically reduce the carbon footprint of buildings of all sizes.

“Solutions to our energy crisis do not come only from using renewables; smarter technology that eliminates energy waste is absolutely vital.”