The UK automotive sector’s warnings of the perils of a ‘no deal’ Brexit have frequently been dismissed by those supporting a hard exit from the EU. Here the UK sector’s trade body SMMT debunks some of these arguments.
MYTH 1: The auto industry shouldn’t worry about leaving the EU with no deal
TRUTH: Leaving without a deal would trigger the most seismic shift in trading conditions UK Automotive has ever experienced. Overnight, it would be hit by an immediate end to free and frictionless trade with its biggest market, an end to preferential trade with a further 70 countries worldwide, the imposition of billions of pounds of tariffs, severe disruption to supply chains and production, and lasting damage to the global reputation of the UK as an attractive and stable investment destination.
MYTH 2: This is just the automotive industry scaremongering
TRUTH: The past two years have seen a significant drop in investment, car sales and manufacturing, driving the industry off course to meet its production target of two million cars by 2020. This is a cyclical sector and other issues are also undermining global growth but companies surveyed said that Brexit was costing jobs and competitiveness – one in five automotive companies have already lost business; thousands of jobs are being lost – and the UK hasn’t even left yet. This is reality.
MYTH 3: Industry is blaming Brexit but the real problem is falling diesel sales and the slowdown in global markets, including China
TRUTH: These are all issues challenging the global industry – it faces a perfect global storm. Significantly, Brexit has not happened yet – we leave on 29 March 2019 yet it has been consistently cited by business as a cause of job cuts and reduced investment (now down to a fifth of the recent average), which undermines future competitiveness. Uncertainty is causing investors to look elsewhere.
MYTH 4: The EU market is in decline and growth markets are in the emerging economies. A ‘no deal’ Brexit will let us focus on those countries for export
TRUTH: EU car demand is slowing, but the Chinese market is also in decline, with UK-built cars exported there down by a quarter. We already export to some 160 markets worldwide including the emerging economies, but the EU, which accounts for more than half of this trade, is a 15 million-strong car market on our doorstep.
MYTH 5: A fall in the pound makes exporting cheaper so UK car makers will benefit
TRUTH: Sterling devaluation may make exporting cheaper, but it makes automotive manufacturing more expensive and will not offset the cost of tariffs. UK automotive manufacturing is integrated into the European supply chain network with the majority of parts used to build cars here imported, thereby negating any cost advantage.
MYTH 6: A ‘no deal’ Brexit will help reduce car prices and increase choice
TRUTH: Unless the UK reaches agreement with the EU, tariffs will increase. Consumer choice depends on profitability; importers to the UK already have to engineer cars for right-hand drive, which is a significant added cost, while currency devaluation since 2016 has slashed margins. If prices rise, the market will contract, further squeezing margins and causing consumer choice to shrink.
MYTH 7: EU rules stifle innovation – the industry will be better off without them
TRUTH: The EU and the UK produce arguably the most technically advanced cars in the world, especially in safety and efficiency, and EU automotive rules are often the basis for global regulations. If the UK wants to sell cars to the EU and other global markets, it must comply with these rules. We currently have a say in their creation. We won’t once we leave but we will still have to abide by them.
MYTH 8: Leaving with no deal will mean more automotive jobs for British people
TRUTH: ‘No deal’ will cost jobs, not create them. Thousands of cuts have already been announced, with one in eight companies reducing headcount as part of contingency planning. The sector depends on accessing talent; we develop our own but look globally for the best people to fill any skills gaps and need our UK employees to develop international experience.
MYTH 9: We can readily strike trade deals with big global automotive markets
TRUTH: Recent announcements have shown how difficult it is to replicate trade deals, never mind strike new ones. Free trade agreements such as those between the EU and Canada and Japan take many years to negotiate and agree, and negotiating strength depends on size. The UK is large and relatively affluent but small compared with the EU, China, US, Japan and other countries.
MYTH 10: Tariffs would give UK auto manufacturers a competitive advantage at home
TRUTH: Only 12% of cars sold here in the UK are built here. We export more than 80% of the cars we produce, with two-thirds of these sold in the EU and markets such as Canada, Japan, South Korea and Turkey with which the EU has preferential trade agreements. Tariffs would disadvantage UK car manufacturers in all of these markets.
MYTH 11: The UK could use import tariffs to support the automotive industry
TRUTH: Using tariffs to support domestic industry is strictly regulated under World Trade Organisation rules. Some financial support is allowed but other countries could retaliate by taxing imports of the subsidised vehicle or component to protect their own industries. This would undermine the automotive industry’s principle of free and fair trade.
MYTH 12: The German car industry sells 750,000 cars in the UK – it will demand a deal to protect its own interests
TRUTH: The German and EU car industries have been clear: the single market matters more to them than a deal with the UK. The UK is an important car market but it only accounts for around 10% of EU production volumes, while we ship more than 40% of everything we make to customers in the EU.
MYTH 13: The demise of UK automotive manufacturing would be a price worth paying for ‘no deal’; the economy would cope without it
TRUTH: Automotive manufacturing is one of the UK’s most important economic pillars, producing high value goods, creating skilled jobs and driving exports. It delivers an annual £82bn direct to the Treasury, employs 186,000 people and supports local economies, and is responsible for 13% of the UK’s export in goods. However, the true scale of its contribution is significantly larger, at around £202bn once the impact on adjacent sectors, including raw materials; R&D; logistics; retail; finance; insurance; tech and more are taken into account.
This article was supplied by the trade body SMMT, which represents more than 800 UK automotive firms.
Myth 14: The UK has an automotive industry.
Truth: Britons assemble cars for foreign companies that are based in the UK for purely profit driven convenience. When the bottom line is impacted the foreign companies run to other tax havens and sources of cheap labour. There is no loyalty to the UK, the only loyalty is to profit.
It shouldn’t come as a surprise that companies are profit driven. In fact, it is a legal requirement to pursue profit for shareholders. If the UK erects trade barriers to the world’s biggest market, there can be only one outcome, as the current exodus demonstrates.
Whose truth is this? I notice the author and the specific source are not identified.
The source is the auto industry’s trade body – the SMMT – which is clearly referenced in the stand-first and opening paragraph.
Who within the SMMT?
Can’t help you there I’m afraid Andy. It’s based on a blanket statement of the kind often issued by organisations like the SMMT. However, many of the arguments have been made before by the organisation’s chief executive. It’s also common practice for us to report concerns of this magnitude particularly when they’re raised by organisations that represent large chunks of the UK manufacturing community. In case the source of the article wasn’t made clear enough to readers by the stand-first and opening paragraph we’ve put in an extra line to this effect at the end of the story.
The same issues are affecting other sectors. Regardless of whether people wish to believe the trade statement or not, the principle that we will be leaving a globally large free trade deal with standards that we still have to comply with but cannot influence, with others where we are no more than a small niche manufacturer and supplier in competition with EU, US, China, etc is stll valid. The arrogant belief that we can impose our own preferential trade terms on the rest of the world with a few months ‘negotiation’ was pie in the sky from the start! All this because of the Conservative Party civil war and Empire delusions!
The usual one-sided viewpoints that we have come to expect. The EU exports £ 60b more to the UK than it buys from the UK, and this is deteriorating year on year. The SMMT represents a group of companies whose income is produced by maximising imports (BMW, Mercedes etc). People seem to forget that increased imports equates to jobs lost for the UK’s working classes (and engineers) to benefit primarily the city-investors: the underlying reason for the wide support for Brexit.
In two years the Europeans have stitched up the UK by agreeing a trade deal with Japan allowing the Japanese to import cars direct from Japan. In return the wine and cheese manufactures of the EU have gained a large export market.
Phil – as a member of the EU the UK played a role in agreeing this deal
I would not argue that SMMT have valid concerns, but I would have liked to know the original source of some of these myths as some of the arguments do not seem coherent – ex myth3 and truth 4:
“MYTH 3: Industry is blaming Brexit but the real problem is falling diesel sales and the slowdown in global markets, including China
TRUTH (4) : EU car demand is slowing, but the Chinese market is also in decline, with UK-built cars exported there down by a quarter.”
– I appreciate things may not be mutually exclusive but some of the constructs seem contrived.
And the UK could have vetoed the deal.
When Britain went into the EU deal, there were winners and losers, and when it leaves the same will be true. There are two things in Britain favour when they leave, they are renewable energies are replacing Coal, oil, gas, and the Electric Cars are starting to replace ICE motors . There is great resistance to both the above by the establishment but it may be in Britain advantage to leave with a no deal, as it will give them a clean sheet to work with, and start making all the components of the electric vehicles, so it does not rely on the EU for parts. Britain was a leader in the world, when it was British made, and will be again.
Hi John. Your aim (to create modern renewable tech/industry) is noble, but you your methodology (leave the EU) is severely flawed:
1) Why would leaving a gigantic market – the rules of which you’ve helped create – make any sense?
2) Why do you have to leave the EU to adopt renewable technology / industries?
3) Britain is already a leader in the world, alongside many of our European partners. It has achieved this by collaborating endlessly on an equal footing. Why would you want to destroy this equilibrium when it has helped us towards the cusp of delivering massive future opportunity? (renewable / AI tech in vehicles)
4) By aligning / creating regulations with a huge market on our doorstep, we are able to lead the world in CAV development towards the imminent L5 future. This window of opportunity is so close / tight / small. Why on earth would you want to wreck the very vessel that is helping us get to this destination? It must seem obvious to you that that sorting Brexit will take an age! Much longer than the three years of ignorance that we’ve experienced. At this critical juncture, why would you put the breaks on to navel gaze? The world is in competition with us – why would you give them the chance to steal a march?
Very frustrating.
If you can prove the ‘great resistance’ from ‘the establishment’ to moving towards EVs – I would genuinely love to read your evidence.
When we manufacture anything for export, it has to comply with the Customer’s regulations. So if we want to have an electric automotive industry we have to export- to whom?
For sure the EU exports more to the U.K. than we do to the EU; but we’re not comparing like with like. We’re comparing a country (the U.K.) with a bloc (the EU). Germany’s exports to the U.K. accounts for some 13%-14% of her total exports, Likewise France & Italy some 7%-8% of theirs. OUR exports to Germany, France, Italy & the other 24 EU countries accounts for 45%of our total exports.
Should Brexit go pear shaped, & unless we have alternative markets, we stand to lose 45%—Germany only 14%!